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“1. INTRODUCTION In the paced world of business today effective communication is crucial, for the success of organizations in every industry. Communication plays a role in shaping opinion fostering teamwork within companies and ensuring messages are delivered clearly and ethically. The rise of AI technologies, like ChatGPT is reshaping how we communicate presenting both opportunities and challenges for businesses to navigate. ChatGPT utilizes its natural language processing capabilities to transform aspects of communication. Whether it’s creating content offering customer support or aiding in crisis management, ChatGPT has the potential to streamline operations boost productivity and facilitate meaningful exchanges. However, as companies adopt these AI powered tools it’s important to consider the implications that come with their implementation. 2. PUBLIC RELATIONS Public relations involve shaping perception through building and nurturing connections between an organisation and its audience. It influences public relations, public opinion and uses communication that is both convincing and purposeful. It is seen as a role that facilitates the establishment of connections between a company and the public. It takes care of a company’s image and is seen as the goal of any public relations department within an organisation. Public relations suggests that it commences with the actions of the organisation, for example when an organisation participates in positive actions and its audiences subsequently express positive messages about the organization it indicates that the organisation is engaging in effective public relations. Although strategic and compelling communication in PR is certainly used to influence the perspectives of audiences. Convincing individuals is one of the techniques utilised to persuade the public to embrace an organisation’s position on matters. (Angelopulo and Barker 2013:225) Media Monitoring and Sentiment Analysis ChatGPT provides customisable sentiment analysis features that work quickly. It can handle amounts of data instantly. By leveraging NLP and deep learning it accurately determines the tone of news articles and various media content. Davies (2024) It has the capability to identify the sentiment conveyed in sentences and phrases within the text. This technology holds promise in revolutionizing how we track brand references and grasp sentiment. Writing and Editing ChatGPT’s skill is to accurately produce and refine written material and can greatly lessen the burden on communication teams. It supports the writing and editing journey starting from idea generation to content creation, proofreading, highlighting points and adapting the voice tone as needed. Davies (2024) Social Media ChatGPT is a tool for creating social media content as it can efficiently generate posts based on keywords, audience preferences and current industry trends. It assists in producing a variety of, on brand posts. Davies (2024) You provide the chatbot some details about your brand and what you want to convey in your post. It will generate content for your socials and also add captions and hashtags tailored to suit your content. Event Planning and Coordination ChatGPT you can easily come up with event themes and concepts by inputting details. For instance, by providing information about the audience, event objectives and desired results ChatGPT will suggest event themes and ideas for you. An example of a prompt for an event is “Can you generate an agenda for a breakfast networking event.” It can assist in creating meeting timetables or agendas. This feature is particularly useful for organizing gatherings or events, with participants where scheduling might pose a difficulty. Crisis Management ChatGPT proves to be quite handy in times of a crisis, offering a range of advantages when it comes to communication. It efficiently crafts statements for organizations to tackle issues or combat information. It tailors crisis messages according to the circumstances and concerns of stakeholders allowing companies to respond more appropriately Davies (2024). ChatGPT can anticipate the queries journalists might pose during a crisis and provide responses assisting organisations in preparing for media interactions efficiently. By utilizing these features ChatGPT aids organisations in managing crises and reducing harm to their reputation. 3. MARKETING COMMUNICATION Marketing communication refers to the messages used in marketing to build a perception of a brand, product, service, and idea or individual. Its goal is to support marketing strategies by highlighting the advantages over competitors and adding value for both customers and organisations. Customers benefit from learning about product features and where to buy them while organisations rely on brand awareness to drive sales. Marketing communication creates selling points and helps brands stand out and enabling marketers to inform, persuade, motivate and remind consumers effectively (Klopper and North 2011:183-184). The marketing communication department is responsible for organising and overseeing the promotion of both current products as well as handling customer related initiatives and overseeing corporate advertising (Argenti 2013: 63). ChatGPT holds potential for marketers looking to boost the effectiveness and precision of their marketing strategies. There are various ways in which ChatGPT can be leveraged in marketing communications. Social Media Listening & Engagement When AI is integrated into marketing communication it enhances efficiency by elevating listening to a new level. AI algorithms uses aspect clustering to pinpoint and extract information from social listening data, which can encompass millions of data points. This assists in filtering out the noise and gaining an understanding of customer sentiments through social media sentiment analysis. Such insights enable businesses to predict customer behavior and implement measures, for desired outcomes (Sproutsocial,2024). ChatGPT can create posts, comments, and replies on social media platforms to interact with followers and stimulate discussions. It can develop captions that engage with comments and join conversations to boost brand exposure and engagement. For instance, a food delivery company might use ChatGPT to come up with captivating Instagram captions for images of mouthwatering dishes encouraging interaction with followers. Email Marketing When you give ChatGPT prompts related to your email marketing objectives it can create tailored content for your campaigns, newsletters, and customer interactions. This efficient method ensures that the emails produced are personalised and engaging. For campaigns ChatGPT assists in brainstorming subject lines, compelling body text and convincing call to actions that boost conversions. Whether you’re introducing a product announcing a sale or promoting an event ChatGPT crafts content that connects with your audience and inspires them to act (Northwest Executive Education, 2024). Content Creation Content is everything and has long been an embraced concept in marketing communication with the advent of web2.0 and the surge of user generated content platforms like social media. However, these questions arise; what specific content holds this status? Where is the optimal placement for it? How frequently should it be. Should it be detailed or simplified? In essence how can the marketing department ensure that their content effectively fulfills the goals of a brand; establishing the brand as industry authorities and ultimately driving sales and leads (Marr, 2022). ChatGPT is all set to help marketers come up with content, for marketing campaigns social media updates, adverts, and blog posts. By using tailored prompts focused on marketing goals ChatGPT makes brainstorming content efficient. It helps create engaging material with its language skills. ChatGPT can support marketers in producing types of content like catchy taglines, compelling storytelling elements and convincing calls to action. By customizing prompts to fit marketing objectives and target groups ChatGPT ensures that the generated content blends, with brand messaging and connects effectively with the intended audience (Northwest Executive Education, 2024). 4. BUSINESS COMMUNICATION Business communication is a process involving the exchange of information to interpret, identify, determine, achieve, and sustain or subvert goals related to an organisation. These exchanges involve both nonverbal behaviors and take place among various entities such as individuals, teams, and entire organisations in different combinations. Such communications can occur within an organisation or across boundaries. Business communication concentrates more on applied communication. The realm of business communication covers all types of interactions that occur in a business environment. In the business world clear communication plays a role, in sharing thoughts, objectives, directions, feedback and important details, with employees, managers, clients, suppliers and various stakeholders (Mayfield, Mayfield, & Walker, 2020: 4-5). Content creation Businesses use ChatGPT for content creation making it easier and more effective to boost their marketing efforts. This allows them to create top notch content in a streamlined manner. By integrating ChatGPT into their content strategy companies can automate the development of blog posts, articles, social media posts and material customised for their audience. ChatGPT can be handy in crafting HR related content, like job summaries derived from user’s task descriptions or interview questions based on job role specifics (Dilmegani, 2024) Customer Support ChatGPT is appealing to companies that receive customer support inquiries and aim to streamline their customer service procedures. It assists with responding to customer queries, through chatbots; ChatGPT can produce automated responses for customer questions enabling customers to access information without waiting for human agents. It Offers product recommendations; for instance, Shopify utilises ChatGPT powered chatbots to provide product suggestions and discounts based on individual user preferences. It Monitors the quality of customer service interactions; ChatGPT excels in sentiment analysis, which involves evaluating text to discern the content of a message by implementing ChatGPT businesses managing volumes of customer inquiries can identify conversations requiring attention (Nnamani, 2023). Marketing Through automating customer interactions and replies, on websites and social media platforms ChatGPT can boost customer engagement and support. Additionally, it can aid in creating advertising content and email marketing initiatives (Murphy, 2023). Marketers use Canva that now has integrated functionalities that make use of ChatGPT’s capabilities. ChatGPT can offer image recommendations for social media posts which can be seamlessly incorporated into Canvas AI image generator to discover the image for your project. Research ChatGPT speeds up research by condensing articles responding to inquiries and deriving insights from text data. Scholars can leverage it to extract details from papers and reports. The premium ChatGPT version includes web browsing capabilities that come in handy for tasks like compiling a roster of companies that align with service and feature criteria (Murphy, 2023). A useful method to utilize ChatGPT for research involves requesting it to act as an individual in an area. For example, you might prompt ChatGPT to take on the persona of a business advisor and inquire as if you were a business proprietor. Although the answers may not always be precise, but they serve as a starting point for your research endeavors. Decision Support By examining information gathered from interactions with customers, businesses can uncover insights into customer preferences, challenges, and emerging trends. This data driven approach aids in making decisions enhancing products and crafting marketing strategies (Patpatia, 2023). In the education industry, teachers can leverage ChatGPT for tasks such as generating essay prompts, designing quizzes and developing lesson plans. 5. MANAGEMENT COMMUNICATION Management Communication is crucial for the operation of an organisation allowing information, messages, and instructions to flow through the organisation’s hierarchy. This process involves methods and tools that enable managers to effectively communicate their goals, expectations, plans, and objectives to their team. The main goal is to ensure that everyone in the organization is well informed and working in harmony. Effective management communication goes beyond sharing information; it involves listening and showing empathy, towards different perspectives. It creates a space for managers not to offer guidance but to seek feedback address challenges and foster an inclusive environment where every team member feels appreciated (Ganesh, 2023) Internal Communication Effective internal communication, within a workplace is essential. By integrating AI generated prompts into communication plans we can shift how information is shared, employee engagement and manage dialogues efficiently. The use of ChatGPT’s capabilities to automate communication tasks frees up time for focusing on strategic duties (Lile, 2024). ChatGPT quickly crafts messages ensuring timely dissemination of information. It tailors messages for employee segments by improving communication engagement and relevance. Through AIs analysis of communication trends valuable insights are gained that help optimise communication strategies. Training and Development ChatGPT can help develop training modules, lesson plans and assessment strategies. It supports managers in creating training materials offering insights on learning approaches and aiding in the development of evaluation techniques. ChatGPT can help in crafting a training program outline that includes elements such as learning goals, content structure, teaching methods and assessment tactics (Burton, 2023). This helps to organise the training program and ensuring that all educational goals are achieved. The key inputs required for your prompt is the training subject matter target audience details, learning objectives and preferred teaching methodologies. Decision Support ChatGPT helps executives improve their decision-making processes. It assists managers by offering them information, facts, analysis, and viewpoints to help with making decisions. However, it is quick to acknowledge its boundaries. Hence managers need to understand that the advice given comes from algorithmic data analysis and they should ultimately depend on their experience, expertise, and judgment to reach decisions (Ramge and Mayer-Schonberger, 2023). Crisis Management. During a crisis it’s crucial to address issues quickly. Tasks like sending out memos, contacting journalists for press releases and getting approvals to prevent lawsuits need to be done promptly. Using ChatGPT can help streamline crisis management by providing responses and aiding in communication of information by abstracting data from the company’s internal safety documents. It can also offer emotional support to employees that are worried and stressed about their jobs by providing stress management techniques. Moreover, ChatGPT assists in allocating resources for deployment by scanning through large amounts of data and assisting the affected departments urgently (Taborek, 2023). 6. CORPORATE COMMUNICATION Corporate Communication aims for an approach that communication in an organisation remains consistent across all platforms ensuring the company presents a unified front. This involves aligning all forms of communication to maintain coherence and to avoid contradiction. Corporate communication professionals must connect, assess, and cater to their target audiences using platforms whether its online, on devices or face-to-face interactions. Corporate communication goes beyond coordination; it requires a strategy to maintain consistency in messaging. It entails teamwork among departments for communication and external partners, like advertising agencies PR firms, sales promotion teams, sponsorship recipients and other consultants. Together they develop a message that represents the company (Beger 2018: 5-9). Automating Tasks Automating communications offers advantages such as enhanced efficiency. ChatGPT can handle tasks like arranging meetings, sending updates, and documenting meeting minutes freeing employees to concentrate on critical responsibilities. Another perk of automating communications is ensuring consistency. By training ChatGPT to grasp and mirror the organisation’s language and tone all internal messages align with the company’s overarching communication style and brand. Moreover, automating communications helps mitigate errors. Through ChatGPT essential updates and reminders can be efficiently disseminated, reducing the likelihood of overlooking information (AIContentfy, 2023) Language Translation ChatGPT will assist in Effortless communication where it enables agents without fluency in a language to engage with clients. It Enhanced accessibility by aiding in eliminating language obstacles empowering customers to communicate comfortably in their tongue. Lastly it assists in language versatility where translation features are advanced. They show promising potential in converting forms of content such as documents, emails and chat exchanges (Gherca, 2024). Crisis Management During a crisis it’s essential to act. Tasks such, as sending memos reaching out to journalists for press releases and obtaining approvals to avoid issues must be prioritized. Leveraging ChatGPT can enhance crisis management by facilitating responses and aiding in the dissemination of information by extracting data from the company’s internal safety documents. Additionally it can provide support to employees feeling anxious, about their roles by offering stress management strategies. Furthermore ChatGPT helps in allocating resources by analyzing amounts of data and assisting affected departments promptly (Taborek, 2023). Research ChatGPT accelerates the research process by summarizing articles answering questions and extracting insights, from text data. Scholars can make use of it to gather information from papers and reports. The advanced version of ChatGPT offers web browsing features that’re beneficial for tasks such as compiling a list of companies that meet service and feature requirements (Murphy, 2023). A practical approach to employing ChatGPT for research is to have it simulate an individual in a field. For instance, you could ask ChatGPT to role play as a business consultant. Pose questions as if you were a business owner. While the responses may not always be exact they can serve as a starting point, for your research endeavors. 7. ETHICS AI tools like ChatGPT have opportunities to improve communication they also bring ethical dilemmas regarding power imbalances, labor issues, privacy concerns and the dissemination of misinformation. Organisations must proactively address these issues through communication channels, ethical standards, and appropriate safeguards to ensure that the use of ChatGPT aligns with their principles and fosters positive communication outcomes. Power Imbalance and Bias: ChatGPT to any AI tool has the potential to mirror and potentially magnify biases that exist in the data its trained on. If these biases are not recognized and rectified, they may result in responses produced by ChatGPT thereby perpetuating inequalities and reinforcing power imbalances within the organization. For instance, if certain demographics or viewpoints are overrepresented in the training data ChatGPT might unknowingly show favoritism towards those groups in its responses marginalizing others (Panda et al., 2022:223-229). Labour Issues The introduction of tools like ChatGPT and other AI technologies in the workplace could trigger concerns among employees about job security or alterations in their job responsibilities. This could lead to feelings of anxiety, lack of trust and decreased morale all of which can have an impact on communication within the organization. Transparent and open communication regarding the purpose of AI tools like ChatGPT, how they are intended to be used and the organizations strategies for supporting employees through changes can help alleviate these concerns and uphold trust among staff members. Privacy Concerns Privacy issues surface when utilizing AI tools such as ChatGPT with regards to how sensitive information shared during interactions handled. Employees might hesitate to communicate with ChatGPT if they’re uncertain, about how their data is gathered, stored, and utilized. Organizations need to make data privacy a priority set rules, for handling data and be open about the steps taken to safeguard employee privacy when utilizing ChatGPT. Misinformation, Disinformation and Fake News ChatGPT’s capability to generate text based on input makes it vulnerable to misinformation. The inadvertent spread of information. If employees depend on ChatGPT for information without assessing it there is a risk of circulating inaccurate or misleading information within the organization. It is crucial for organizations to stress the significance of thinking and fact checking when using ChatGPT provide training on spotting misinformation and establish procedures for verifying information produced by AI tools (Panda et al., 2022:223-229). 8. CONCLUSION As companies continue to utilize communication tools, like ChatGPT powered by AI it is important to remember that technology cannot fully replace the touch in communication. While these tools bring efficiency and innovation they should be used responsibly with considerations in mind. To address issues such as bias, privacy concerns, misinformation and labor rights organisations must ensure that their use of ChatGPT reflects their values. By promoting transparency and ethical practices organizations can utilize ChatGPT to establish trust, enhance engagement and achieve outcomes for all involved. In summary ChatGPT serves as an asset in communication strategies by enabling meaningful interactions and driving organizational success. By blending AI technology with a people communication approach companies can maximize the benefits of ChatGPT while maintaining standards and integrity.”

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“Question 1 (10 Marks) Briefly differentiate between hacking and ethical hacking. Question 2 (20 Marks) Name and describe FIVE (5) types of hackers. Question 3 (15 Marks) Explain THREE (3) risks associated with ethical hacking. Question 4 (15 Marks) Describe THREE (3) ways to secure your computer from hacker USE THE FOLLLOWING RUBRIC AS A GUIDELINE TO ANSWER THE FOLOWING QUESTION; QUESTION1;10 marks will be awarded for appropriate differentiation 10 QUESTION 2 Name and describe FIVE (5) types of hackers. 1 mark will be awarded per any name and 3 marks will be awarded per corresponding description 20 QUESTION 3 Explain THREE (3) risks associated with ethical hacking. 5 marks will be awarded per explanation 15 QUESTION 4 Describe THREE (3) ways to secure your computer from hackers. 5 marks will be awarded per any description .USE THESE AS REFENCESLaudon, K.C. and Laudon, J.P. (2023) Essentials of MIS. Fifteenth Edition. United States of America: Pearson Education. • Bridgoli, H. (2021) MIS. Tenth Edition. Stamford, USA: Cengage Learning. • Stair, R.M. and Reynolds, G.W. (2018) Principles of Information Systems. Twelfth Edition. Boston, USA: Cengage Learning.”

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